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NUTRITION

Income support to farmers

Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana & Janani Suraksha Yojana

36% INDIAN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE UNDERWEIGHT 

*NFHS 4

Integrated Child Development Services

A flagship programme of the Government of India, ICDS provides basic education, health, and nutrition services for children under 6 years of age, and pregnant and breastfeeding women.

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In Budget 2020, Rs 20,532 crore was allocated for the scheme.

Poshan Abhiyaan (National Nutrition Mission)

In 2018, the Government of India launched another flagship programme to reduce malnutrition in girls, mothers and children within 3 years. 

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In Budget 2020, Rs 3,700 crore was allocated for the scheme.

Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana & Janani Suraksha Yojana 

A maternity benefit scheme, PMMVY aims at providing partial compensation for wage loss of pregnant women and lactating mothers for the birth of the first child. The JSY aims at incentivising delivery at hospitals to reduce deaths of mothers and infants due to complications.

In Budget 2020, Rs 2,500 crore was allocated for PMMVY.

 Early-childhood development

Nutritional outcomes

Maternal and newborn care

3 things to know about the Union government schemes
Schemes are designed in a manner that money can be spent on activities which assist in achieving programme objectives. For example, staff salaries need to be paid, operational costs covered, and awareness activities be conducted for the public to know about scheme benefits. In Poshan Abhiyaan (which has set itself 'targets'), 'Pillars' determine where the money is allocated. 

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 Poshan Abhiyaan funds have been spent on (between 2017 and 2019)

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Not only do norms for who can make use of the scheme differ as per programme objectives, they vary across states (and often years). For instance, JSY has divided states on the basis of health indicators, namely: 'Low-Performing States' (LPS) and ‘High-Performing States’ (HPS). LPS have low rates of delivery in a government or private health facility, and include Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar.
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Our analysis reveals that enrollment out of the estimated eligible population was the highest in Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan at over 50%. Telangana and Haryana reported the lowest (at 7 per cent or below respectively). 

Enrolment percentage among High-Performing States (HPS) and Low-Performing States (LPS)

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Staff vacancies have been a longstanding issue in India's public health system. Anganwadi Centres are critical to ICDS service delivery. The situation has improved, and staff vacancies have been brought down for Anganwadi Workers (AWWs), Anganwadi Helpers (AWHs), and Lady Supervisors (LSs).
 
Vacancies have increased for Child Development Project Officers (CDPOs), which manage the other three staff categories. High vacancies of mid-level manager posts means significantly more workload in monitoring staff and scheme activities. 

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Vacancies in Anganwadi centre staff in ICDS

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